LANDFORMS


Mountains
Coasts
Valleys
Glaciers

Mountains and Rocks

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Mountain, landform that rises prominently above its surroundings, generally exhibiting steep slopes, a relatively confined summit area, and considerable local relief. Mountains generally are understood to be larger than hills, but the term has no standardized geological meaning. Rarely do mountains occur individually. In most cases, they are found in elongated ranges or chains. When an array of such ranges is linked together, it constitutes a mountain belt.

Coastal Landform

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Coastal landforms develop and persist along the coast are the result of a combination of processes acting upon the sediments and rocks present in the coastal zone. The most prominent of these processes involves waves and the currents that they generate, along with tides. Other factors that significantly affect coastal morphology are climate and gravity.

Valleys

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Valleys are lowland area or depression found between mountains and hills often with streams and rivers running through it. It usually features rounded sides that mimic a V or a U shape. It’s created through erosion by streams or glacial actions. A valley has a lot in common with a basin; the difference is a valley has an outlet to drain the water, while a basin doesn’t.

Glaciers

Glaciers are massive bodies of slowly moving ice. Glaciers form on land, and they are made up of fallen snow that gets compressed into ice over many centuries. They move slowly downward from the pull of gravity. Most of the world’s glaciers exist in the polar regions, in areas like Greenland, the Canadian Arctic, and Antarctica. Glaciers also can be found closer to the Equator in some mountain regions.

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